In June, the Federal Reserve raised its target rate a quarter of a percentage point, the second hike in the federal funds rate this year. In announcing the increase, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell stated as the main takeaway that “the economy is doing well.” He went on to say, “Most people that want to find jobs are finding them and unemployment and inflation are low.”
Here’s a quick rundown of some additional factors that generally affected the economy in June.
New tariff threats
Renewed fears of tariffs influenced trade disputes and brought on more tough talk of retaliation from China. Uncertainty with the euro was buffered by an unemployment rate rate decline and a rising dollar driven by optimism surrounding the U.S. economy.
EU cooling off
Eurozone turmoil drove volatility as international and domestic markets reacted to Italy casting votes in an upcoming election that may entail a referendum to exit the eurozone. Should such a vote occur, it would be similar to Britain’s vote to exit the eurozone in 2016, also known as Brexit. Italy is the third largest member of the eurozone in terms of population and economic status, making an exit from the eurozone an instrumental blow to the financial and political stability of the region.
Interest rates pressure credit markets
The increased yield on the 10-year Treasury bond is heightening pressure on the credit markets, since the yield serves as a barometer for numerous lending rates including mortgages, auto loans, consumer and business loans. The U.S. Treasury plans on borrowing more money by selling additional U.S. government bonds over the next few months, which is expected to inflate yields on government bonds across all maturities.
Home buying more expensive
Mortgage rates hit a seven-year high in May with the average rate on a conforming 30-year fixed mortgage jumping to 4.66% (5/24), according to Freddie Mac. Homeowners are becoming increasingly reluctant to sell, adding to the supply shortage. As interest rates have risen, so have mortgage rates, leading to higher mortgage payments, if one were to sell and move.
Great American stock buy-back
U.S. companies flush with cash are buying back their stock, increasing dividend payouts, and paying down debt, which is perceived as fundamentally sound for the equity markets. Rising rates are discouraging companies from issuing new debt yet have simultaneously increased stock buybacks by over 34% from last year.
Labor markets strong
The unemployment rate fell to 3.8% in May, the lowest since April 2000 and once before that in 1969. Job gains were broad, with the retail, healthcare, and construction sectors seeing the most hires. Some economists believe that the unemployment rate can fall even further as employers ramp up hiring, with limited skilled workers available in the workforce.
